Population growth, resource depletion, and climate change are the three main issues that the world, and Cameroon in particular, are currently dealing with. The goal of this work is to contribute to sustainable development by evaluating the environmental impact of the production of second-generation liquid and gaseous biofuels using the life cycle assessment method. Environmentally conscious decision-making and smart technology selection are highlighted. The core of this work is the Life Cycle Assessment approach, which is becoming increasingly important.

The primary economic activity in the sub-Saharan African nations is agriculture. Several thousand tonnes of solid trash are produced annually in sub-Saharan Africa, in this example in Cameroon, the majority of which end up as environmental contaminants without being put to good use.

Even though combustion produces large carbon dioxide emissions and lesser energy recovery than other methods of biomass energy production, it is a well-established method in nature. Waste to energy conversion is an international developing trend that aims to combat greenhouse gas emissions, waste reduction, and waste treatment.

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The production assessment used to establish if using biofuels or conventional fuels pollutes the environment is part of the net environmental effects of biofuels. On the other hand, current scientific research and development is concentrated on pretreatment of biofuel production, which still has to be optimised with regard to costs and environmental effects.